Archivo por años: 2008

Los Adjetivos

Utilizamos generalmente la palabra «adjetivo» para describir palabras con las cuales podemos hacer referencia a una cualidad de un sustantivo o de un pronombre, por ejemplo:

The black shoes
Los zapatos negros
A sad boy
Un muchacho triste
A tall woman
Una mujer alta


La mayoría de los adjetivos pueden ser utilizados de dos maneras: deforma atributiva, precediendo al sustantivo que acompañan y de forma predicativa ubicándolo a continuación del verbo, por ejemplo:

Susan is a young woman. (Atributiva)
Susan es una joven mujer.

Peter and Tom are good pupils. (Atributiva)
Peter y Tom son buenos alumnos.

They are beutiful girls. (Atributiva)
Ellas son muchachas hermosas.

Mary is intelligent. (Predicativa)
Mary es inteligente.

You are sad. (Predicativa)
Tu estás triste.

The ice cream is delicious. (Predicativa)
El helado está delicioso.

Los adjetivos en inglés son invariables en cuanto a género y número, sin importar si el sustantivo al cual acompañan está en singular o plural, por ejemplo:

The intelligent man
El hombre inteligente

The intelligent men
Los hombres inteligentes

The beautiful girl
La hermosa muchacha

The beautiful girls
La hermosas muchachas

También existe la posibilidad de que varios adjetivos acompañen a unmismo sustantivo y para eso usualmente se respeta el siguiente orden:

Tamaño
large – small – big
Edad/Temperatura
new – young – hot – old – cold
Forma
circular – round – oval – square
Color
red – pink – green – yellow
Origen
English – Spanish – Italian – Russian
Material
plastic – wooden – metal
Propósito
shopping – riding – writing

Presente Perfecto (Present Perfect Tense)

El Presente Perfecto en el idioma inglés es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a acciones que suceden en un pasado reciente y que guardan alguna relación con el presente. Su equivalente en el idioma español es el Pretérito Perfecto:

I have sent the letter.
Yo he enviado la carta.
(Indica que la acción acaba de suceder)

Para poder construir la forma afirmativa del Presente Perfecto debemos utilizar como auxiliar el verbo TO HAVE en Presente Simple y acompañado por el verbo principal en su Pasado Participio (ya sean verbos regulares o verbos irregulares):

 

I have bought a new dress. Yo he comprado un nuevo vestido.
You have studied the lesson. Tú has estudiado la lección.
He has broken the window. Él ha roto la ventana.
She has lost the keys. Ella ha perdido las llaves.

Recuerden que a las 3º personas del singular deben colocar la «S» en elauxiliar ya que se trata del Presente Simple.
En cambio, para formar una interrogación deberemos colocar elauxiliar al comienzo de la oración, luego el sujeto y posteriormente el verbo principal también en Pasado Participio:

 

Have I bought a new dress? He comprado un nuevo vestido?
Have you studied the lesson? Has estudiado la lección?
Has he broken the window? Ha roto él la ventana?
Has she lost the keys? Ha perdido ella las llaves?

Por su parte, la forma negativa se forma poniendo la negación NOTentre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, por ejemplo:

 

I have not bought a new dress. Yo no he comprado un nuevo vestido.
You have not studied the lesson. Tú no has estudiado la lección.
He has not broken the window. Él no ha roto la ventana.
She has not lost the keys. Ella no ha perdido la llave.

También puede utilizarse la forma contraída de la negación colocando HAVEN’T o HASN’T según corresponda.

Cabe destacar que cuando hablamos en Presente Perfecto no debemos mencionar el momento en que se ha producido la acción, ya que de hacerlo deberíamos utilizar el Pasado Simple, por ejemplo:

I have sold my car.
Yo he vendido mi auto. (Presente Perfecto)I sold my car this morning.
Yo vendí mi auto esta mañana. (Pasado Simple)

 

Ejercicios : Plural de los Sustantivos

En el siguiente ejercicio deberás escribir nuevamente las oraciones pero tendrás que hacerlo utilizando el plural de los sustantivos:

  • The leaf of the trees has turned yellow.
  • The nurse is speaking to the patients.
  • A woman is visiting her sick child.
  • She fell down the stairs and her foot hurts.
  • That book contains a different kind of story.
  • The claf is grassing in the field.
  • The teacher asked the student to draw a horse.
  • I ate an orange and a tomato.
  • He took a match from the box.
  • A mouse ate the cheese and left a tooth mark on it.

  • The cow is drinking some water.
  • There is a radio on my desk.
  • There is a book and a brush on this shelf.
  • There is a louse in her hair.
  • The policeman finally caught the thief.
  • There is a hero in the police stations.
  • A famous architect built this house.
  • I usually have a fruit for breakfast.
  • My sister prepared a delicious cake.
  • The baby has a new toy in his box.

Ejercicios: Preposiciones de Movimiento (AT – IN – FROM – TO – INTO)

Coloca las preposiciones de movimiento de manera correcta en las siguientes oraciones:

  1. The burglar broke …………… the house during the night.

  2. The girl jumped out …………… that window.

  3. Peter went …………… the office to pick up his wallet.

  4. Susan arrives …………… the airport at 7 o’clock.

  5. The ship set out …………… Canada yesterday morning.

  6. I am travelling ………….. London next week.

  7. Please bring the goods …………… the warehouse.

  8. He put his laptop ………….. his suitcase.

  9. I have received a letter ………….. Norah this morning.

  10. The papers were sent …………… your home a week ago.

  1. The firemen went …………… the building.

  2. Tom, put your toys …………… the box.

  3. The boy threw a stone …………… the dog.

  4. Your bicycle were found …………… the station.

  5. All the people came …………… the shop due to the good offers.

  6. You must put the garbage …………… the basket.

  7. The thief went …………… the alley and disappeared.

  8. John has to pick up the package …………… a small town.

  9. Sam wanted to go …………… a football match.

  10. It is not polite to point …………. people.

Ejercicios: Preposiciones de Movimiento (AT – IN – FROM – TO – INTO) (2)

¿Podrías colocar las preposiciones de movimiento correspondientes en las siguientes oraciones? Si quieres realizar más ejercicios puedes clickear aquí:

    1. The postman came …………… the post office.
    1. The plane …………… Brazil is delayed due to the weather.
    1. When the students arrived …………… the museum they were not very excited.
    1. The patients were transfered …………… another hospital.
    1. The money was found …………… the cashier’s purse.
    1. A bus crashed with a tree …………… the park.
    1. I took a ride …………… a small car.
    1. The taxi driver took the car …………… the garage.
    1. She usually swimms …………… the lake.
  1. The thieves escape …………… their own car.

    1. We usually go ………….. the beach in summer.
    1. Sarah has moved …………… a new apartment.
    1. Jane went …………… George’s room.
    1. The injured man has to stay …………… the hospital for another two weeks.
    1. My parents want to set a business …………… the country.
    1. Last week …………… the party, Catherine asked me to go out with her.
    1. Jack will arrive …………… the shop tomorrow morning.
    1. The box goes …………… Spain to France.
    1. The tourists placed the tent …………… the top of the mountain.
  1. Larry is probably …………… the market waiting for his sister.

Ejercicios: Presente Perfecto (Present Perfect Tense) (2)

En el siguiente ejercicio te proponemos que vuelvas a escribir las siguientes oraciones en Presente Perfecto reordenando las palabras. También te sugerimos que luego las reescribas en interrogativo y negativo:

    • 6 o’clock/Diana/ has/ until/ slept
    • travelling/ I/ the/ possibility/ considered/ of/ abroad/ have
    • has/about/ Sally/ her/ job/ thought
    • important/The/ director/ has/ an/ meeting/ arranged/
    • Governor/ written/ My/ mother/ has/ letters/ to/ the/ a lot of
    • enjoyed/ Tom and Mary/ have/ movie/ the
    • exam/ I/ many/ mistakes/ in/ the/ made/ have
    • delicious/ has/ Sarah/ made/ dinner/ a
    • tried/ I/ to/ do/ exercises/ the/ have
  • the/ radio/ concert/ She/ has/ the/ on/ listened

    • has/ My/ played/ neighbour/ golf
    • smoked/ My/ has/ ten/ father/ cigarettes
    • new/ car/ saved/ Sam/ a/ enough/ money/ has/ to/ buy
    • They/ many/ have/ too/ problems/ faced
    • a/ new/The/ have/ apartment/ workers/ built
    • John/ movies/ has/ a lot of/ seen
    • painted/ Michael/ house/ has/ the
    • given/ The/ has/ a/ conference/ President
    • house/ has/ My/ sold/ his/ friend
  • project/ The/ have/ a/ new/ architects/ started

 

Ejercicios: Presente Perfecto (Present Perfect Tense)

Para que puedas realizar ejercicios sobre el Presente Perfecto, te ofrecemos las siguientes oraciones en donde debes colocar el verbo que se encuentra entre paréntesis en la forma correcta. También te sugerimos que luego las reescribas en interrogativo y negativo:

    1. The electrician (repair) …………… the lighting system.
    1. A thief (steal) …………… Mary’s purse.
    1. They (accept) …………… credit cards.
    1. We (sing) …………… different songs at the camp.
    1. The player (hit) …………… me with the ball.
    1. The students (print) …………… the magazine.
    1. The children (swim) …………… in the lake.
    1. The inspector (show) …………… us the secret files.
    1. Susan (get) …………… $50 as a prize.
  1. The passengers (watch) …………… many movies.

    1. He (build) …………… a new department.
    1. Jonathan (buy) …………… a new car and a new house.
    1. The President (visit) …………… the museum.
    1. The secretary (ask) …………… the boss to sign the letters.
    1. Sarah (work) …………… for a building company.
    1. The workers (clean) …………… the theatre.
    1. Jane (cut) …………… her finger.
    1. Frank (fix) …………… his bicycle.
    1. Peter (eat) …………… a lot of sandwiches.
  1. My brothers (spend) …………… their holidays abroad.

 

Ejercicios: Futuro Continuo

Elige la forma correcta de colocar el verbo para que las siguientes oraciones queden expresadas en Futuro Continuo:

  • Jane (study) ……….. the whole week for the final test.
a) studied
b) will study
c) will be studying
  • Mariane (have) ……. dinner with their grandparents tonight.
a) was having
b) will be having
c) had
  • Next Friday I (cut) …………… the grass.
a) will be cutting
b) cut
c) have cut
  • Tomorrow Brian (have) …………… his hair cut.
a) will have
b) had
c) will be having
  • Jeniffer (move) ………….. to her new neighbourhood next Saturday.
a) is be moving
b) be moving
c) will be moving
  • The meeting (take) …………… place at the office.
a) was taking
b) will be taking
c) will take
  • Isabella (achieve) …………… her ambition of being an engineer next week.
a) will be achieving
b) achieved
c) have achieved
  • At this time tomorrow I (see) …………… the doctor.
a) was be seeing
b) were be seeing
c) will be seeing
  • In his next birthday Sam (get) …………… a new dog.
a) will be get
b) will get
c) will be getting
  • Scientits (explain) …………… the functions of the human body at the laboratory tonight.
a) are be explaining
b) will be explaining
c) will explain
  • Next year Tom (start) …………… a new career.
a) will be starting
b) will started
c) started
  • My father (earn) …………… a lot of money next month.
a) will earn
b) will be earning
c) earned
  • The doctor (attend) …………… a lot of patients next Monday.
a) will be atended
b) will be attending
c) will atend
  • My best friend (stay) …………… at home for a few days.
a) will be staying
b) stayed
c) will be stayed
  • Only one guard (protect) …………… the president for the next days.
a) will protected
b) will be protecting
c) will be protected

Ejercicios: Futuro Continuo (2)

Para ejercitar el Futuro Continuo debes colocar los verbos que se encuentran entre paréntesis en la forma correcta. Además te sugerimos que luego escribas las mismas oraciones en su forma interrogativa y negativa:

  • John (fix) ……………….. his car this afternoon.
  • I (study) ……………….. for the final exam next week.
  • I (fly) ……………….. to Spain next Monday.
  • We (see) ……………….. Jim this evening.
  • Peter (visit) ……………….. you tomorrow morning.
  • My father (come) ……………….. next week.
  • He (have) ……………….. dinner at nine.
  • Tom (paint) ……………….. the house tomorrow morning.
  • Next Sunday Susan and Michael (travel) ………………..to London.
  • My parents (stay) ……………….. in a luxurious hotel in Italy.

  • I (have) ……………….. dinner with my family tomorrow night.
  • Mary (attend) ……………….. Mia’s wedding next month.
  • I (work) ……………….. the whole evening in this project.
  • I (clean) ……………….. the house this week.
  • George (have) ……………….. a difficult time learning chemistry.
  • Next Saturday I (listen) ……………….. to the concert on the radio.
  • Margaret (finish) ……………….. her career the next month.
  • Sophia and Paul (get) ……………….. married the next year.
  • At nine my father (meet) ……………….. the school teacher.
  • The supervisor (speak) ……………….. to him the next Monday.

Ejercicios: Preposiciones de Tiempo ( AT – IN – ON)

Para ejercitar sobre las preposiciones de tiempo (AT, IN, ON) te proponemos que coloques las correspondientes en las siguientes oraciones:

    1. Tom ran a hundred meters …………… ten seconds.
    1. I always go church …………… Sundays.
    1. I am very busy so I can´t meet John …………… this moment.
    1. Sarah will back …………… a few minutes.
    1. We can organize the party …………… night.
    1. Peter is travelling to New York …………… the morning.
    1. Columbus discovered America …………… 1492.
    1. My parents will arrive to the village …………… 7:30 p.m.
    1. Sam’s birthday is …………… January 10th.
  1. I am going to Susan’s house …………… Wednesday evening.

    1. I will be studying for the final exam ……………….. Monday.
    1. My father has a lot of work to do …………… this moment.
    1. The Cathedral was built …………… 1956.
    1. …………… Saturday I will be visiting you at the hospital.
    1. Sally has travelled abroad and she will return …………… ten months.
    1. …………… 6 p.m I have an appointment with the dentist.
    1. We will meet my mother at the airport …………… the morning.
    1. Alice will see me …………… 3 o’clock.
    1. The train arrives …………… 8 am.
  1. I will be with my mother …………… a minute.